Guidelines for life extension of existing HVDC systems

HVDC systems have been in commercial use since 1954, and most of them are still in operation. Renovation, modernization and life extension of HVDC stations have to be considered by utilities and grid operators, as they are usually the most cost effective options for maintaining continuity and reliability of the power supply to the consumers. This BT provides guidelines for making the technical and economic decision on life extension of existing HVDC stations against replacement.