Stress-Aware Maintenance Intelligence System (SAMIS) of Synchronous Generators

The large-scale integration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources has fundamentally changed the operational role of synchronous generators. Units originally designed for quasi-stationary base-load operation are increasingly required to provide inertia, voltage regulation, and reactive power support under highly variable system conditions. As a result, generators are exposed to frequent start–stop cycles, excitation forcing, and prolonged operation near capability limits, which significantly accelerates thermo-mechanical fatigue and insulation ageing. Despite this shift, maintenance strategies remain largely time-based or reactive, while conventional SCADA supervision focuses on instantaneous threshold violations and provides limited insight into cumulative stress and progressive…