Electromagnetic design of a Thyristor-Controlled Transformer for Dynamic Reactive Power Control

The decarbonization of the European Power System, driven by National Energy Strategy [1] and PNIEC targets [2], is accelerating transmission network upgrades and increasing the need for reactive power compensation. In Italy, the coal phase-out by 2025 will reduce synchronous generation, traditionally essential for voltage control, requiring innovative solutions to ensure grid stability. The Italian Transmission System Operator is assessing advanced technologies alongside conventional devices, with the Thyristor-Controlled Transformer (TCT) emerging as a promising option for dynamic reactive power control.