Analysis of hourly interruption distribution: the case of the Milan’s medium and low voltage grid

Comparative analyses between medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks are rarely found in the literature, and it remains unclear whether these networks share common features or diverge entirely. This paper focuses on the MV and LV grids of Milan, operated by the distribution system operator (DSO) Unareti, from which the analyzed data are sourced. The interruptions analyzed in this study come from interruption logs that have been appropriately filtered; every DSO in Italy is required to record these logs according to the regulations imposed by ARERA, the national authority. The study compares the hourly distribution of interruptions in 2013 and 2023, first considering the entire year and then dividing results into summer and off-summer periods. The comparative analysis reveals that…