Life-Cycle Based Carbon Footprint Assessment and Evaluation of Reduction Measures for AIS and GIS Substations

Decarbonization of the power sector requires not only the expansion of renewable energy but also the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions associated with transmission and substation infrastructure. Substations contain large amounts of steel, aluminium, and concrete, and use sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆), a potent GHG, as an insulating medium. Therefore, assessing and mitigating the life-cycle environmental impact of substations has become a crucial task for utilities.