Avoiding Surprises with Model Based Twin for Protective Relays

Power system protection is not something a new topic, but growing presence of power electronics in the network has raised concerns regarding its reliability. The behaviour and transient response of the modern power system to any disturbance are becoming much more complex than before. Protection, however, must remain reliable and selective. For simple applications, the relay technical manual could solve the purpose, however for complex applications like protection of lines near inverter-based resources (IBR), it demands simulation studies to evaluate the relay performance, as preliminary simulation studies will help to uncover the issues to minimize the surprises. This is why relay simulation models which can precisely represent actual relay behaviour are becoming necessary tools for both…