An Integrated Framework to Enhance Power and Gas Reliability Under High Renewable Penetration: Case of Saudi Arabia

As the Kingdom embarks on a major transformation of its energy landscape, phasing out liquid fuels and integrating a substantial share of renewables by 2030, the interdependence between the power and gas sectors will be crucial for ensuring overall system reliability. With high levels of renewable penetration, particularly from large-scale PV installations, and rapid change in daily generation patterns, the well-known "duck curve" challenges in the power sector will manifest as significant intra-day fluctuations in gas demand. These gas swings will drive volatile pressure profiles and aggravate the risk of curtailment and reliability issues in the gas network. Furthermore, these stressors not only compromise the stability of both gas and power systems but may also trigger upstream…