A User-Centric Flexibility Dispatch Framework: Mitigating EV- Induced Feeder Overloads via Differentiated Incentives

The high penetration of fast chargers concentrates demand in specific locations and hours, causing feeder overloads and voltage violations. As conventional grid reinforcement — the general solution — is costly and slow to deploy, this study employs the spatial-temporal flexibility of electric vehicles (EVs) to develop a closed-loop optimization system. This system leverages real-time data feedback and price differential strategies to guide users in shifting their charging time or location, thereby converting user heterogeneity into a core resource for grid dispatch and enhancing the flexibility of the distribution system. Empirical results from a district in Shenzhen demonstrate that the proposed mechanism reduces overload mitigation costs by 19.2% compared to traditional uniform pricing…