Risk mitigation of medium voltage overhead distribution lines

Medium voltage overhead lines are a safe and reliable means for distributing electricity in the vast majority of cases in which they are used. However, in some cases these lines may result in a safety risk. While such cases are rare, the consequences can be catastrophic, such as electrocution or destruction of property from bush fires. This paper summarises the state of the art regarding the mitigation of the safety risk presented by these lines and motivates for further development in this regard. Design, maintenance, operation and protection are considered. Holistic safety risk is also explored and recommendations are made for a guide for deployment of mitigation means that improve safety.