Impact of Low Inertia Network on Protection and Control

This Technical Brochure (TB) presents the findings of Joint Working Group (JWG) B5/C4.61 on the impact of low network inertia on protection and control (P&C) in power systems. The study provides a comprehensive investigation from the perspectives of both reduced network inertia and the evolving fault characteristics resulting from the increased integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs). The results show that lower inertia and altered fault behaviour can adversely affect the performance of a wide range of protection functions, while also significantly impacting overall system stability and operability. The TB also provides guidance on the selection of appropriate power system models to analyse dynamic features of the grid, and introduces advanced real-time monitoring techniques for…