Control methodologies for direct voltage and power flow in a meshed HVDC grid

Historically, HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) technology has been used mainly for point-to-point transmission with one sending and one receiving converter station.  Although the connection of more than two HVDC converters in a multi-terminal HVDC configuration is feasible, there are only a few multi-terminal schemes in service today. The need for integrating large-scale renewable generation, the electrification of oil and gas platforms from onshore grids, and the integration of markets has resulted in a demand for new transmission capacity and interconnectors. To meet these needs, more multi-terminal and meshed HVDC grids are under consideration.

The control of power flow, frequency control and voltage control in AC (Alternating Current) systems is well understood, and a similar…