HVDC transformer failure survey results from 2013 to 2020

Every year, the Advisory Group AG B4.04 collects information on the performance of HVDC systems around the world. Over the last 20 years this data has shown that converter transformers in Line Commutated Converter systems are the single largest contributors to the forced energy unavailability. In order to provide more detailed information on the transformer failures, AG B4.04 also conducts survey on transformer failures every two years. The results of the surveys conducted on failures from 2013 to 2020 are described in this brochure.