Testing models and physical C&P replicas prior to interaction studies in a MV and MT context

Against the backdrop of rapid grid developments and the massive integration of renewable energy sources, such as offshore wind turbines, the proliferation of point-to-point high voltage direct current (HVDC) links has become essential. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish multi-vendor (MV) and multi-terminal (MT) HVDC grids. The ability to perform interaction studies using Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) models and replicas is crucial for ensuring the secure operation of these systems. However, system operators and integrators have so far faced challenges in assembling models and replicas provided by multiple vendors due to software incompatibility, different time steps, and numerical conflicts.