Planning heavy-duty en-route charging stations considering freight traffic and grid availability

Long-haul freight transport is responsible for a consistent part of greenhouse gases and has been classified within “hard-to-abate” sectors. Within market options, battery electric trucks emerged as one of the most promising ways to reduce its emissions. The deployment of charging stations and their integration with the electricity grid is one of the key challenges to face to sustain the diffusion of such kinds of vehicles. First, an assessment of the current regulatory framework has been carried out in this work to understand infrastructural targets, in particular European Regulation 2023/1804 and environmental goals, particularly 2019/1242, set by policymakers that will guide the industry in the electrification process.