Assessing the Role of Meshing in HVDC Grids: Impacts on Offshore Wind Curtailment in the North Sea

The North Sea is set to become a major hub for offshore wind energy, with 300 GW of capacity planned by 2050, contributing to a total of 450 GW across Europe. Given the limited potential to expand the onshore grid, multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grids are expected to be crucial in transmitting the power from this large-scale renewable generation to the onshore grid.