Birds nesting on pylons of transmission lines in Portugal: results of the first national-scale survey with proposal of measures to promote and protect species of conservation concern

Pylons of transmission lines (≥110 kV), where bird electrocution is rare, can provide relatively safe and attractive nesting structures for several bird taxa. While this phenomenon has been widely documented for the White stork Ciconia ciconia in some countries, comprehensive large-scale surveys encompassing all nesting species, as well as systematic monitoring programmes targeting sensitive or threatened species, remain scarce.